Types of elephants
Types of elephants
Elephants are the largest land mammals. They exist in three species namely, the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African bush elephant. Elephants are known for their large ears, tusks and ivory. An African elephant weighs on average 6,000kg, Asian elephant 4,000kg and African forest elephant 2,700kg.
Elephants work as tourist attractions and mantine the biodiversity of ecosystems. Today we are going to learn about the different types of elephants and here is a list of the type we are learning about:
Savannah or Bush elephant
Forest elephant
Sri Lankan elephant
Indian elephant
Sumatran elephant
Borneo elephant
Savannah elephant: These elephants are large with males (bulls) reaching a height of 3.96m. Both males and females have tusks that start growing at 1 to 3 years. Males weigh 6,000kg and females weigh 3,000kg. They are herbivores and feed from grasses, fruits, tree leaves, barks, shrubs and vines. They live for about 70 years. They contribute to the maintenance of Savannah forests by reducing forests.
Forest elephant: These are native to humid forests in West Africa and the Congo basin. They are small and reach a height of 2.4m. They weigh 9,00kg to 3,000kg and are herbivores eating fruits, leaves and tree bark. They can grow upto 2m high and 3 meters long. They run a speed of 39km/h. They maintain biodiversity and ecosystems by dispersing plants in tropical forests.
Sri Lankan elephant: They are found in Sri Lanka. They are two meters high and 3.5 meters wide. They weigh between 2,000kg and 5,500kg. They have got 19 pairs of ribs. They can run at a speed of 43km/h and live for 55 to 70 years. They are herbivores and only eat such as grasses, leaves, shoots, barks, fruits etc. They hold cultural and economic importance in Sri lanka. They have significance in religious events and drag felled logs in logging operations.
Indian elephants: These are one of the three subspecies of Asian elephants. They weigh 4,000kg for a male and 2,700kg for females and can run a speed of 43km/h. They feed from grass, bark, roots and farm crops such as bananas. They are a cultural icon and maintain integrity of forests and grasslands. They can live from 60 to 70 years.
Sumatran elephants: These are the smallest Asian elephants. They have brighter skins and less pigmented spots. The tusks of female elephants are usually short and hidden under the upper lip. They can reach a shoulder height of 2 to 3.2m and weigh between 2,000kg to 4,000kg. They have got 20 pairs of ribs. They can run a speed of 43km/h and usually live from 55 to 70 years. They feed from vegetation such as leaves, shoots, barks, fruits, nuts etc. They are only found on the island of Sumatra
Borneo elephants: These are found in North Eastern Borneo. They can weigh 3,000kg to 5,000kg and are 2m high and 3m long. They can run at a speed on 43km/h and are herbivores feeding from leaves, grasses, shoots, barks, fruits etc. These pygmy elephants can live from 55 to 70 years.
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